Usage by Topic

            Animal references
                        When the gender of the animal is not known or is not important or relevant, which is the general case, use “it” and “which”.  When the gender of the animal is known and is relevant or important (e.g. when speaking of a pet, or telling a story from the animal’s viewpoint), use a gender pronoun ("he" or "she") and “who”. Examples:  Our dog Spot bark when he is hungry.  The snake slither۔d into it's hole.
                        "chun" (from Mandarin Chinese) refers to a group of animals that live together.  It replaces English "flock" of birds, "school" of fish, "herd" of cows, "swarm" of bees, "flock" of sheep, "pride" of lions, "tribe" of monkeys, "colony" of ants, and so on..  Ex:  A chun of turquoise butterflys flutter۔d۔ across the path.
            Bodily waste functions
                        “pee" (informal) and "urinate” (formal), along with “poop” (informal) and "excrement" are the appropriate words for liquid and solid toilet functions.  But because the images they conjure up are not pleasant, these words are used with discretion.
            Clothes
                        abaya:  woman’s head-to-toe cloak-like garment, generally black, including head scarf, veil with eye holes or eye slit, worn in public by some Muslim women.
                        bell-bottom trouser:  trousers or slacks which flare out at the ankles.  Popularized by hippies during 1960s.  Singular.
                        blouse:   a feminine-appearing shirt, typically worn by women
                        bra:  breasts-harness
                        burka:  woman’s head-to-toe cloak-like garment worn in public by some Muslim women, more conservative than an abaya because instead of a slit for eyes there is a screen, hiding her eyes.  Popular in Afghanistan. 
                        chador:  Worn by Iranian women in public, a full-body-length semi-circle of black fabric covering the body and hair, with no hand openings, buttons, clasps, etc., it is held together by her hands or tucked under her arms.
                        choli:  blouse worn beneath a sari by women in south Asia.  (See sari.)
                        g-string:  a patch of cloth just large enough to cover genitals, holded in place by a string around the waist and another below the trunk of the body.
                        denim:  the heavy cloth jeans are made from.  E.g. blue denim trouser.
                        dress:  single-piece garment covering from neck to legs, traditionally worn by women.
                        gown:  fancy dress worn on formal occasions
                        jean:  denim trousers originally worn by USA cowboys; later:  popular casual trouser.  Singular.
                        jellabiya:  robe-like cotton garment, ankle-length, with loose sleeves, usually white in summer, worn by males in NE Africa.
                        keffiyeh:  headdress worn by some Arab men, usually fashioned from a square cotton scarf with a checkered pattern..
                        micro-skirt:  shorter than a mini-skirt.
                        mini-skirt:  skirt of short length, no lower than mid-thigh
                        necktie:  cloth tied around the neck, loose in front for the boss to jerk on.  Signifies subservience.
                        night-gown:  one-piece bed-time garment, not usually cinched at waist.
                        nikab:  a face veil worn by some Muslim women
                        pajama (singular):   two piece bed-time garment, worn by males and females.
                        pant:  singular; each person normally wears one pant at a time
                        panty (singular):  scanty under-pant, considered sexy.  One worn at a time.
                        robe:  a long loose outer garment
                        sari:  south Asian women's traditional garment consisting of a long rectangle of fabric reaching the feet, wrapped
                                 and pleated around waist over an under-skirt & short-sleeved fitted top choli, and draped over one shoulder.
                        shirt:  generic term for garment covering from shoulders to waist.
                        short-trouser:  English shorts.
                        skirt:  legless garment weared from waist downward by women
                        suitset:  matching trousers or skirt and indoor jacket, sometimes also vest, of expensive cloth.
                        swim·wear:  any clothes worn for swimming
                        teeshirt:  a simple, usually cotton, usually relatively inexpensive, short-sleeve shirt without frills.
                        tunic:  a loose-fitting garment extending past the waist.
                        trouser (singular):  outer garment covering from waist to ankles, typically worn by men. 
                        under-pant (singular):  worn beneath trousers and dresses.  Only one worn at a time.
                        under-clothes:  clothes worn beneath outer clothes.
            Compass Directions
                        Around the compass, in sequence:  north, north∙east, east, south∙east, south, south∙west, west, north∙west.  North and south precede east and west (unlike Chinese), with a mid-dot between.  "North", e.g. is a noun.  "Northern" is an adjective, as in "northern gate".  "North-ward" mean toward north; e.g. north۔ward of the river.  Europe is not "above" Africa; it's north۔ward of Africa.  Traveling "up" from Hong Kong is possible in a hot-air balloon, but not on a train.
            Curse substitute words.  If you drop something breakable and feel the need to exclaim your reaction, “darn”.  If your mistake is inconsequential (you drop your pen), "oops".  “Gosh” is handy if you hear unpleasant news; "golly" if you hear pleasant news.  "Gee" expresses enthusiasm. 
                        Curse words.  If you must curse, “shit” (excrement, which stinks) is acceptable except around children or others who might consider the word offensive.  Using “God” as a curse word seriously offends many religious people, and automatically categorizes the speaker as either ignorant or insensitive or of low character.
            Education levels
                        elementary∙school:  kindergartden plus first six years of school.  English "primary school".
                        middle∙school:  school years 7 through 12
                                     junior middle∙school:  the first three years of middle∙school.
                                     senior middle∙school:  the last three years of middle∙school
                                                middle∙school diploma (certificate proving graduation)
                        university:  typically four years subsequent to graduation from middle∙school
                                     university diploma.  English "baccalaureate degree", "bachelor's degree"
                        specialty∙university:  one or two years subsequent to graduation from university, specializing in a field
                                     speciality university diploma.  English "master's degree diploma".
                        doctorate∙university:  university to train doctors and doctorates.  Length of study varies.
                                     doctorate diploma.  (Various names in English.)
                        college:  an academic sub-division within a university.
            Embryo + fetus = womb∙baby
                         Embryo:  from fertilized egg to first detection of a heartbeat (in humans, about six weeks after last menstrual period).
                         Fetus:  the subsequent stage characterized by increased growth and development of organ systems; it ends at birth.
                         Womb∙baby:  a pre-born mammal, from conception to birth.  (English "prenatal organism", "conceptus".)
            Furniture
                        drawerstack:  a low cabinet consisting of a set of drawers, usually for storing clothes.  [English, "chest of drawers".]
                        wardrobe:  a tall free-standing cabinet for storing clothes.
            Gender / age designations
                        girl:  a female child
                        boy:  a male child
                        laddy (affectionate word for lad):  a boy or un-married young man.  (Pronounced with short "a".)
                        lassy (affectionate word for lass):  a girl or un-married young woman
                        teenagor, teenagort, teenagorm: youngsters between ages 12 and 20 years old
                        lady:   a woman, with the connotation of dignified, well-behaved, attractive, feminine.  (Pronounced with long "a".)
                        gal:  a young woman
                        guy:  a young man
                        galfriend: a woman with whom one has a romantic relationship.  English 'girlfriend".
                        guyfriend :  a man with whom one has a romantic relationship.  English "boyfriend"
                        man / woman:  mature adults of male / female gender
                        man friend, woman friend:  (no hyphen or mid-dot), used for friendships without romantic connotations
                        (Gender-related words with sexual connotations are not listed here due to their ever-changing meanings.)
            Kins
                        ma, mom:  children's names for their mother
                        pa, dad:  children's names for their father
                        grand-mother:  your mother or father's mother (which, not specified)
                        grand-father:   your mother or father's father (which, not specified)
                        grand-ma:  mother of your mother
                        grand-pa:  father of your mother
                        grand-mom:  mother of your father
                        grand-dad:  father of your father
                        greatgrand-mother:  the mother of your grandmother or grandfather
                        greatgrand-father:  the father of yiur grandmother or grandfather
            Land vehicle passage∙ways
                        Within cities and towns:
                                  boulevard:  a broad avenue including a strip of park (grass, flowerbeds, trees, walkways).
                                  avenue:  a wide street that is a main thoroughfare.
                                  street:  in a city, a public thoroughfare for vehicles, usually paved, usually with side∙walks.
                                  lane:  in a city, a short narrow street.
                                  alley:  in a city, a narrow passageway between the rears or sides of buildings.
                        In the country:
                                  toll throughway:  a thoroughfare which charges tolls.
                                  throughway:  an expressway with a dividor strip of land between lanes of vehicles moving in opposite directions, accessible only by on- and off-ramps, with no traffic signal lights, providing a relatively safe means of high-speed vehicle traffic between distant places.
                                  expressway:  a paved country road between distant places allowing for vehicle traffic typically at higher speeds than roads, usually with intersections marked by traffic signal lights.  [English “highway”, a misnomer.]
                                  road:  in countryside, a long route, paved or unpaved, usually wide enough to accommodate vehicles going in opposite directions.
                                  lane:  in the country, a short narrow passage∙way, often between hedges, fences, yards.
            Military
                        terrorist: a person who uses non-military violence against civilians in an attempt to further a political purpose. 
                        guerrilla:  a member of a non-regular military unit fighting a conventional army.
            Music
                        pentatonic scale:  the common 5-notes scale, used e.g. in most blues music.  (penta means 5 in Greek.)
                        heptatonic scale:   the common 7-notes scale, used e.g. in most European classic music.  (hepta means 7 in Greek.)
                        (English “octave” is confusing:  1 octave has 8 notes, 2 octaves have 15 notes.)
            Race and ethnicity classifications  (descriptive, not offensive, words)
                        mestizo:  a person of mixed Caucasian and Amerindian race.
                        mulatto:  a person of mixed Caucasian and Negro race.
            Sex  (These words, not to be considered offensive, fill a need for a decent way for consenting adults to discuss sex.)
                        ambisexual:  attracted to both genders.  (English, "bisexual".)
                        bayot:  male homosexual (noun and adjective).  (From Visayan, a central Philippines language.)
                        birth·gender:  gender at birth
                        blowjob:  suck cock
                        boner:  erect penis                         
                        boobs:  women’s breasts, with a sexual connotation.  Men and chickens, e. g., also have breasts.
                        boomboom:  penis-vagina sexual union accompanied by mutual friendliness, romance, and/or love. 
                                A southeastern Asian word.  [English and Chinese “make love” is often a misnomer.]
                        boomboom-less sex:  sexual activity without sexual union.
                        buttocks:  the body part people sit on.  English “ass” is not a Peoplese word; the animal is "donkey".
                        butterfly:  somebody (typically a man) who habitually switches sex partners.  Also a flying insect.
                        buxom:  full-bosomed; large female breasts.  Not necessarily with a sexual connotation.
                        cock:  penis, with a sexual connotation.
                        foreplay:  pre-boomboom sex.
                        fuck:  sex without affection.
                        fornicate:  fuck or boomboom outside of marriage.
                        gender:  a division of life forms (including people) into male or female.  English “sex”.
                                (Other so-called genders with sexual connotations are not defined here, due to their ever-changing meanings.)
                        homosexual:  a man or woman sexually attracted to his or her same gender.  The word “gay” means “merry”.
                        horny:  feeling of intense need for sexual action.  A temporary condition, like “hungry”. 
                        ladyboy:  an obviously effeminate homosexual male. [from southeast Asian English.]
                        liaison:  secret, romantic, sexual relationship between non-married man and woman.
                        lick pussy:  tongue massage of interior of partner's vagina.
                        lesbian:  a female homosexual; a woman sexually attracted to women.
                        lustful:  strong desire to engage in sex.  A character trait, like “ambitious”.
                        oral∙sex:  mouth-to-genital sexual activity.
                        nude:  “naked”, with a sexual connotation.  Babies can be naked.
                        pussy:  “vagina”, with a sexual connotation.  All female mammals have vaginas.
                        sex:  not a synonym for "gender".
                        sex∙life:  those aspects of a person’s life relating to sexual activity
                        sodomy:  penis-into-anus sex
                        transvestite:  somebody who adopts the dress and often the behavior of the other gender
                        yumyum:  suck cock  (from Thai and Khmer English)
            Spiritual / religious
                        Evil:  unintended or unconscious transgresion of divine law.  Sin:  conscious, deliberate transgression of
                                divine law.  Iniquity:  determined, persistent transgression of divine law.
                        Koran:  the Peoplese spelling Islam’s holy book.  [In English, variously “Qu’ran”, “Quran”, “Koran”.]
            Sports
                        football:  English “soccer” sport  The ball itself is designated by “football ball”.
                        ovalball:  American English "football" sport (a misnomer) played with an oval-shape ball.
                        Other sports:  basketball, tennis, field·hockey, ice·hockey, dodgeball, baseball, etc.
            Titles
                        Political titles (not capitalized)
                                president:  a fairly elected head of a democratic government.  E.g. president Abe Lincoln.
                                primeministor:  used for fairly elected head of a parliamentary-style democratic government..
                                senator:  used for a fairly elected legislator of a Senate, whether national or provincial.
                                congress۔man, congress۔woman:  used for people fairly elected to a national congress.
                                king:  a male monarch.  Also:  queen, prince, princess.  E.g. king Henry, princess Diana.
                                dictator (not capitalized; a designation, not a title):  applies to any national leader who is neither a
                                         monarch nor fairly elected. E.g. dictator Josef Stalin.
                                tyrant (not capitalized, a designation, not a title).  A tyrannical dictator.  E.g. tyrant Stalin.
                        Personal titles  (not capitalized; used without abbreviations)
                                dentist (for a dentist).  E.g. dentist Sapperstein.
                                doctor (for medical doctor):  E.g. doctor Sanchez.
                                doctorate (for Ph. D. graduate):  E.g. doctorate Puff Sunpath Moore.
                                miss  (for an unmarried woman)
                                misses (for a married woman)
                                miz (for a woman without distinction between married or unmarried). 
                                mister (for men, married or unmarried)
                                professor (for university professor).  E.g. professor Chang.
                                Designations of other professions are many.  E.g. plumbor Heinz, lawyor Singh, teach-or Lee.
                                Cultural, royalty, and military titles can also be added.
                                        Examples:  sir Lancelot, lord Jim, sergeant Miller, lady Godiva, duke X.
            Transportation
                        jeepney:  truck-et with rear twin benches beneath a roof for transporting passengers, e.g. in Philippine islands)
                        rickshaw:  vehicle with passenger seat; two-wheeled rickshaw is pulled by a man;
                                Three-wheeled rickshaw pedaled by a man.  (Asia) 
                        trisikad:  a bicycle with a side-carriage that seats two passengers.  (Philippine islands)
                        truck-et:  a small truck divided into front passenger compartment and rear flat bed with sides.  (English "pickup truck".)
                        tuktuk:  motorized three-wheeled taxi.  (Thailand and Kampuchea)
 

Specific Word Uses

            about:  a prepositsion meaning "on the topic of", as in "This website is about Peoplese."  Not a substitute for "approximatelly", which is Peoplese "ap".  The population of the town iz ap 50,000.
            afraid, fear:  apprehension caused by the presence or anticipation of danger.  It does not mean “reluctant” or “regretful” or “unfortunately”, as in English.
            arms:  body parts, not weapons.
            as:  not a synomym for "because".
            bass∙guitar has a lower sound pitch than a guitar.  Bass∙guitarior.
            backward / rear۔ward.  “Rear-ward” refers to physical direction; it means “in the direction of rear”, opposite of "forward"
                     “Backward” means “less advanced”.  E.g. A backward economy is not realizing its potential.
            bath∙room:  a small room that contains a bath∙tub and∙or bath∙shower, and usually but not necessarily a toilet and wash∙basin.  See also "loo".
            bazaar:  a street market, i.e. a section on a street or streets where vendors sell their goods.  Not only in Arabia - anywhere.
            beside / besides.  “Beside” means “next to”, as in “Can I sit beside you?”  “Besides” means “in addition to”.  E.g. Besides spinach, I love carrots.
            birth is a noun (“he was present at the birth”), an adjective (“her birth anniversary”), and a verb (“she birth۔d two babys”).
            birthcycle:  everybody of approximately the same age.  "generation" means production of something, e.g. electricity.
            booze:  any alcoholic drink.  English “alcohol”, which has additional meanings.
            business:  not a synonym for "commerce".
            but:  following a positive statement, "but" expresses a negative.  "I much like my job, but my salary is low."  See also "yet".
            cement:  an ingredient of concrete, which also contains sand and gravel.
            certainty:  stronger than “belief”.  E.g.  He believes his partner is honest, he is certain that winter follows autumn.
            chance:  not a synomym for "opportunity".
            character / charactor.  Use “character” to mean distinctive qualities of a person, as in, “She demonstrates good character.”  A “charactor” refers to a person, as in, “The movie has eight charactors.”
            circular∙predicament:  a predicament from which it is impossible to extricate oneself because of intrinsic illogical rules or regulations.  English “catch-22”.
            close∙by / near∙by.  (In English, “nearby” is one word, but “close by” is two words; Peoplese uses mid-dots.)
            commute∙period:  English “rush hour”, the morning and evening hours when many people transport themselves to and from jobs.
            corpshare:  English "corporation stock".  corpshare·market:  English "stock market".
            country:  a plant covered area outside citys, towns, villages.  Not a synonym for "nation".
            deejay:  a person who plays pre-recorded music at a commercial or other gathering, or at a radio station.
            democracy:  a political system ruled by fairly elected representive of the population.  If not completely fairly elected, the system is a pseudo۔∙democracy.
            dictator:  the head of a nation who iz neither a king nor wuz elected in a fair election.
            dont:  English "don't".  "do not" adds emphasis.  In Peoplese, used to forbid, restrict, warn not to do something.
            dis۔embark:  step out of a passenger vehicle, e.g. a rickshaw, tuktuk, car, train, airplane, ship, etc.
            drama performance:  A performance by actors, usually in a theater.  English “drama”, “play”.
            dur:   English "during".
            dwell:  fixate on something.  Not a synomym for "reside" or "live".
            east ۔ward wind:  wind blowing east ۔ward.  English “west wind” is unclear.  Likewise, “south ۔ward wind”, etc.
            elderly:  respectful term for old people who prefer not to be called "old".
            envy / jealousy.  “Envy” is a feeling of discontent, some-times mixed with begrudging admiration, with regard to another’s advantages, possessions, or attainments.  Envy need not be resentful or covetous, although it often is; envy can be a positive motivating force.  “Jealousy”:  suspicion or belief that one is being or might be displaced in some∙body’s affections; distrust of the fidelity of a spouse or lover.
            etcetera – use sparingly if at all; not abbreviated.  Three or more items in a series separated by commas with no “and” before the last item implies that more items exist.  E.g. Red, orange, yellow are colors of a rainbow.  (Because “and” is not inserted, the implication is that a rainbow has more than just those three colors.)  E.g. My friends’ names are Ani, Avi, and Chi-chi.  (Therefore I have only three friends, because “and” is inserted before the last item.)  There are no abbreviations in Peoplese.
            exam.  English “examination”.
            fearful:  full of fear.  (Not:  " causing fear" = fearsome.
            fire:  not a synonym for "shoot" or "job۔terminate".
            flotation∙vest.  English “life jacket”.
            forex:  English "for example"
            forward / front-ward.  “Front-ward”, the opposite of “rear-ward”, being a physical direction toward the front.  E.g. He drive-d front-ward.  By contrast, forward is used for non-directional matters.  E.g. I look forward to seeing you tomorrow.  The European Union move-d forward on commercial union.
            fourty:  40.  English “forty” (senseless spelling, so why force children to memorize it?).
            free:  able to act without restraint.  Not a synonym for "gratis".
            function.  Not a synonym for English “work”.  E.g. I fixed the clock, so now it works. (English); I fixed the clock, so now it function (Peoplese).
            further / far-er.  "Far-er" is the compative word of "far", used exclusively for physical distance; English "farther".  "Further" refers the quality and/or extent of anything but physical distance. 
            get:  obtain.  In English “get” has at least 24 definitions (get ready, get out, get sick); “get” is used sparingly in Peoplese.
            gift.  Something given without expecting something in return.  English “present”.
            grand∙transformation.  English “revolution”, a misnomer, because it does not return to a former position.
            grow is used only for living things.  So cities “expand” or “increase in population”, while trees grow tall-er”.
            gungho.  English “gung ho” (two words).  Many two-words English combinations that make no sense (gung ho, of course, no matter, vice versa) are combined in Peoplese as a single word (gungho, ofcourse, nomatter, viceversa).  A list of such words is via the orange Learn Peoplese button, lower right on this page.
            hair.  When speaking of one hair, use singular; otherwise use plural.  How much would you pay for a "hair cut" (the cutting of one hair)?
            hard:  opposite of "soft".  Not a synonym for "difficult".
            home∙town: the town where one’s current home is.  Similarly, home∙village, home∙city, home∙nation, home∙province, etc. 
                    “Native∙town”, etc.:  the town where one was born.
            home∙wife, home∙wifes, home∙husband, etc., replaces English “housewife”, etc.
            humorous.  English “funny”, a misnomer, as indicating a derivative of “fun”.
            husband-less mother.  English “single mother”.  “Wife۔less father”.
            info:  information
            internet (not capitalized, not preceded by “the”).  English “the Internet”.
            island۔et:  a small island.  English “islet”.
            it.  Using “it” without an antecedent is acceptable, but is poor writing.  E.g. English "It is raining" -> "Now rain-ing.  Peoplese, unlike English, does not require a subject and a verb in sentences.  Peoplese pronouns refer to nouns.
            its:  Not a Peoplese word.  In Peoplese, possessive of "it" is "it's".  E.g. The dog wag-d it's tail.  Contraction of "it is" is "it∙iz".
            keen:  enthusiastic about.  E.g. I iz keen to learn Peoplese.
            landslide:  a mass of land (soil, rocks, etc.) sliding down a mountain or hill.  English landslide victory” -> overwhelm۔y victory.
            last:  Final of a series, none following; e.g. last in the queue, last cookie, last supper.   "Last" does not mean "recent۔est".
            latter:  relatively near the end of a time period.  E.g “latter 20th century (between ap 1985 and 1999), instead of English “late 20th century”.  "Late" in Peoplese means "after the expected time".  I not want to be late to my job.
            lay:  1. to put in place.  2. to recline in a horizontal position.  3. be located.  (Verb forms:  lay-d, lay-ing.)  See also "lie".
            lest:  a negative particle of intention or purpose, introducing a subjunctive clause expressing something to be prevented or guarded against.  E.g. Do it now, lest you forget later.
            libertyright:  entitlement of freedom to do something.  English “right”, which has other meanings.
            lie:  say something knowingly untrue with intent to deceive.  (Verb forms:  lie, lie-d, lie-ing.)  See also "lay".
            limo.  English, “limousine”.
            linguafranca:  English “lingua franca” (two words).  A common secondary language used by speakers of native languages.
            listen.  English "listen to" is Peoplese "listen", as in watch TV, listen music, hear birds, see house.  "Listen" and "watch" imply hearing and seeing something in progress; "hear" and "see" imply hearing and seeing something that is static, not moving.  Ex:. Listen to a radio program, hear a strange noise; watch a ball game, see the house.
            lamp:  a device that produces artificial light.  E.g. street∙lamp, electric∙lamp, table∙lamp, kerosene∙lamp, car headlamp.  "Light" is what lamps emit..
            loo:  is a small room featuring a toilet, often but not necessarily with a wash∙basin.  See also “bath∙room”.
            long:  pertains to length.  Not a synonym for "yearn".
            love:  great affection for a person, diety, pet.  Not used for inanimate objects.  E.g. I much like icecream.  I love my wife.
            intra-nation war.  A war within a nation.  English “civil war” , a misnomer (uncivil).
            lost:  (adjective) mislaid or unable to find one’s way.  The past tense of “lose” is “lose۔d”.
            lovely:  not a word in Peoplese.  (English, “lovely”, meaning “beautiful, pleasing, delightful” is a misnomer.)
            know:  When possible, try to find synonyms for this vastly overused word in English.
            malarkey:  insincere talk or writing.
            meticulous:  exceeding careful (not excessively careful).  A positive, not a negative word.
            mud-brick house:  a house whose walls are constructed from bricks made from soil.
            nearly.  Used for physical distance; otherwise Peoplese uses "almost".  E.g. Almost five oclock, and I∙iz nearly home,
            noivorm:  a woman engaged to be married.  noivort:  a man engaged to be married.  (Adopted from Portuguese.)
            none.  Use “none” for objects. For people, use “nobody”.
            not-for-profit organization.  English “non-profit organization”, “non-governmental organization”.
            oclock:  English “o’clock”.
            order:  a sensible arrangement of objects.  See also "command", "request".  E.g. To the food∙serve-or she request-d eggs.
            over-throw:  throw too far.  Not a synonym for "topple", as in "topple a government".
            paper·money:  a piece of paper recognized as legal tender by a government, typically used in exchange for goods and services.  English "banknote".
            per (used instead of English “a” when speaking of rate).  E.g., “five evenings per week” (not "a week")
            person:  not a Peoplese word.  Singular "people", plural "peoples".
            photo (noun and verb).  English “photograph”.  E.g. He photo۔d the house, but the photo was blurry.
            polkadot.  English “polka dot” (two words).
            prayer / pray۔or.  "Pray۔or" is somebody who prays, e.g. by reciting a prayer.
            pregnancy prevention.  English “birth control”.
            pub.  American English “bar”.  “Tavern” is used for an old-style British tavern.
            raised eves:  roof style in ancient China
            rear۔ward – see backward.
            recent-est technology.  English “state of the art technology” "art" has a completely different meaning).
            rest:  pause for relaxation.  Not a synonym for "remain۔or".  Please read the remain۔or of this list.
            sheep is singular.  "sheeps" is plural.
            shall -- an auxiliary verb emphasizing that somthing will or ought to happen in the future.  Compare "will".
            sheeps herd۔ors.  English “sheepherder".
            sleep۔d, pass۔d to sleep, lapse۔d into sleep, return۔d to sleep, etc.  English “fall asleep”.
            somewhere is less specific than some·place.
            state:  condition, physical stage, form.  Not a synonym for “nation” or “province”.  E.g. As of year 2000, USA had 50 provinces.
            switch on / switch off.  Switch on or off an appliance or lamp, etc.  English “turn on, turn off”.
            ta / ta's:  a gender-neutral pronoun meaning "he or she" -- adopted from Mandarin Chinese.  The possessive form is "ta's".  E.g. The pilot was brave; therefore ta was not afraid.  The pronoun is also used for God and other spirits.  E.g. God is merciful; therefore ta did not punish them.  The absence of a gender-neutral singular pronoun in many languages encourages gender discrmination by forcing the speaker to choose either "he" or "she" or say or write again and again "he and/or she".  Using "he" or "He" as the pronoun for God is acceptable Peoplese, because for many people "God" is symbolic of a father.  Others may consider assigning a male pronoun to a spirit objectionable, nor would they want to substitute "he" with "it" (used for things), so they can use "ta", which is respectable.)
            teenyboppor:  a young teenager who follows the latest fads, e.g. in fashion, music.
            therefore / thus.  Both words are used to introduce a logical conclusion from what was previously stated.  "Therefore" is generally used for more important things than "thus".  Ex:  I arrive-d late for work too many times; therefore I wuz job·terminate-t.   I  wuz busy all day; thus no time for lunch.
            time·bomb.  English “time bomb”:  a bomb containing a timing device so that it will detonate at a specified time.
            too:  not a substitute for "also".
            tourist:  an adjective.  A tour۔or is somebody who travels for pleasure, e.g. to a tourist location.
            tradeco:  an organization that conducts business; English "company".  tradecorp:  an incorporated tradeco; English "corporation".
            type:  a subdivision of a greater whole; e.g. What type of shoes do you want?  typewrite:  press keys on a  keyboard.  kind:  benevolent; not a substitute for "type".
            universal:  the adjective of "universe".  It does not mean “global”, “national”, “for everybody”, etc.  E.g. They are clamouring for universal health care, but can they really afford health care for everybody in the universe?
            used:  a helping verb to something previously accustomed to.  Otherwise utilize "utilize".  E.g. I used to eat with my hands; now that I iz big-er, I utilize chopsticks.
            war - battles between regions resulting in mass deaths.  Misuses of the word such as in "trade war" (referring to tit-for-tat tariff escalation) and "war on drugs" desensitize the population to this horrible human activity.
            want·need:  more than a desire, but less than a need; e.g Many womans want·need love.  Need:  an absolute requirement, cannot do without, e.g. air to breathe.  Need·want:  stronger than a want·need, but not quite a need, e.g. Young mans need·want sex.
            watch∙listen to television, listen∙watch a music concert.  Most important word first.
            will: An auxiliary verb used to indicate (without emphasis) future time.  Compare "willpower".
            willpower:  Mind-derived determination.  English "will".  E.g. Not so much by ability than by willpower that he succed-d.
            work:  not a synonym for "function".  This device function well."
            very:  to be utilized sparingly.  Better to repeat the adjective.  E.g. a very sweet girl -> a sweet sweet girl.
            vet.  English “veterinarian”.
            yet.  Following a clause expressing negativity, "yet" signifies a positive.  E.g. He was old, yet healthy.